000			04347aam a22003614a 4500
001			04604
003			GSU
005			20231101150521.0
008			040708s2005 enk b 001 0 eng
010			_a 2004051127
020			_a1843767732
020			_a9781843767732
040			_aDLC _cDLC _dDLC _dGSU _erda _beng
042			_apcc
043			_ae------
050	0	0	_aT59.2.E86 _bHAN
082	0	0	_a363.19/02/184 _222
100	1		_aHanson, David, _d1939- _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aCE marking, product standards and world trade / _cDavid Hanson.
260			_aCheltenham, UK _aNorthampton, MA : _bEdward Elgar, _c[2005].
264		4	_c©2005.
300			_axiii, 236 pages ; _c24 cm.
336			_atext _2rdacontent
337			_aunmediated _2rdamedia
338			_avolume _2rdacarrier
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references and index.
505			_aList of Tables viii Acknowledgements ix 1. Introduction 1 (20) 1. The CE mark 1 (2) 2. CE marking and US-EU trade 3 (2) 3. Standards and conformity assessment 5 (2) 4. Standards and international trade 7 (4) 5. CE marking and international trade 11 (2) 6. Why should we care? 13 (8) 2. Background to CE Marking 21 (23) 1. Introduction 21 (1) 2. Government and business in Europe 21 (3) 3. The European common market 24 (5) 4. CE marking and the common market 29 (9) 5. CE marking and EU trade policies 38 (6) 3. A New Approach to Product Regulation 44 (21) 1. Introduction 44 (1) 2. The evolution of the New Approach system 44 (1) 3. The New Approach to product regulation 45 (2) 4. The legal context 47 (2) 5. A tour of the New Approach directives 49 (7) 6. Implementing the New Approach 56 (1) 7. The manufacturers' responsibilities 57 (5) 8. Concluding thoughts 62 (3) 4. From Directives to Standards 65 (24) 1. Introduction 65 (1) 2. Developing the directives 65 (10) 3. Developing the harmonized standards 75 (14) 5. From Notified Bodies to Surveillance Authorities 89 (19) 1. Introduction 89 (1) 2. The conformity assessment process 89 (1) 3. The notified bodies 90 (7) 4. The surveillance authorities 97 (4) 5. The safeguards clause 101 (3) 6. How well is the system working? 104 (4) 6. The American System 108 (19) 1. Introduction 108 (1) 2. American regulatory systems 108 (7) 3. Developing standards in the US 115 (4) 4. Industry, government and standardization 119 (4) 5. The future of US standardization 123 (2) 6. Some observations in lieu of a conclusion 125 (2) 7. Dueling Standards 127 (23) 1. And the impact on trade is...? 127 (1) 2. CE marking as a cost of doing business 128 (1) 3. CE marking as a trade barrier 129 (3) 4. International differences in standards 132 (10) 5. International rules governing standards 142 (8) 8. Building Bridges 150 (20) 1. Introduction 150 (1) 2. The Transatlantic Business Dialog 150 (4) 3. The Mutual Recognition Agreement 154 (4) 4. The Global Harmonization Task Force 158 (2) 5. The IEC and the CB Scheme 160 (1) 6. Certification and accreditation systems 161 (3) 7. ANSI and European standards development 164 (3) 8. Conclusions 167 (3) 9. New Directions 170 (28) 1. Introduction 170 (1) 2. The evolution of CE marking 170 (5) 3. Environmental regulations 175 (9) 4. Community expansion: the PECA agreements 184 (4) 5. Expansion and administrative change 188 (1) 6. Promoting the CE mark outside of the EU 189 (1) 7. American access to international markets 190 (3) 8. And so...? 193 (5) 10. What Can We Learn from CE Marking? 198 (23) 1. Introduction 198 (1) 2. How well is the system working? 198 (2) 3. CE marking and the EU 200 (2) 4. CE marking and the politics of trade 202 (4) 5. ...And the American system? 206 (2) 6. Market demand and convergence 208 (3) 7. A modest proposal 211 (6) 8. ...And if we don't? 217 (4) Glossary 221 (8) Index 229
650		0	_aStandardization _zEuropean Economic Community countries.
650		0	_aTechnology _xInternational cooperation.
906			_a7 _bcbc _corignew _d1 _eocip _f20 _gy-gencatlg
942			_2lcc _cBK _n0
999			_c1976 _d1976